Vitamin K
Key points from a recent article by Marcella Piper Terry (https://substack.com/home/post/p-136535400)
Vitamin K Injection and Delayed Cord Clamping: A Guide for Expecting Parents
The decision to administer the vitamin K injection at birth is a common concern for many parents, particularly those choosing to opt out of certain medical interventions. This guide aims to inform you about the benefits and potential concerns regarding the vitamin K shot, as well as alternative options such as oral vitamin K. Please note that as your doula, I am not medically trained, so I encourage you to discuss this information with your healthcare provider to make informed choices for your newborn.
What is Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB)?
The primary purpose of the vitamin K injection is to prevent a rare but serious condition called Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB). This occurs because newborns have low levels of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting.
VKDB can result in severe bleeding, often in the brain, and can lead to disability or death. It affects approximately 5 out of 100,000 births when the injection is not given.
Breastfed babies are more vulnerable as formula milk contains added vitamin K. Additionally, babies with liver conditions or those exposed to certain medications in utero (like anti-epileptic drugs) are at higher risk.
Why is Vitamin K Administered by Injection?
The vitamin K injection has been standard practice in hospitals since the 1970s to protect newborns from VKDB. It delivers a large dose of vitamin K directly into the baby’s system to ensure they have enough to support normal clotting.
The injection is generally given shortly after birth to provide immediate protection, which oral supplementation might not offer as consistently.
Concerns with the Vitamin K Injection
Some parents express concern about the ingredients in the vitamin K shot, such as polysorbate 80 and benzyl alcohol:
Polysorbate 80, an ingredient in the shot, has been linked to increased permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), which could theoretically allow other substances, such as aluminium from vaccines, to enter the brain more easily. Additionally, concerns have been raised about its potential connection to premature ovarian failure (POF).
Benzyl alcohol is present in some formulations of the vitamin K injection (Hospira brand) and is associated with “gasping syndrome” in premature babies, characterised by serious symptoms such as respiratory distress.
While the amount of aluminium in the injection is often debated, the concentration in vitamin K is minimal compared to vaccines like hepatitis B.
Alternative: Oral Vitamin K
Oral vitamin K supplements are an option in some countries and have been used in Europe for decades. Oral administration involves multiple doses and can be as effective as the injection if given correctly.
The Dutch and Danish protocols for oral vitamin K have been studied and shown to reduce the risk of VKDB comparably to the injection. This may be an appealing option for parents concerned about the ingredients in the injectable form.
Delayed Cord Clamping and Vitamin K
Delayed cord clamping, where the umbilical cord is not cut immediately after birth, allows more blood (containing stem cells and natural vitamin K) to flow into the baby. This practice can increase iron levels and support the baby’s development.
The high dose of synthetic vitamin K given via injection may, however, interfere with the baby’s natural clotting process. Immediate clamping is still common practice in hospitals, but research suggests waiting a few minutes before cutting the cord can have significant benefits.
Considerations for Informed Decision Making
If you are considering opting out of the vitamin K shot or exploring oral alternatives, it is important to weigh the risks and benefits. Babies who are at higher risk of VKDB, such as those born prematurely or exposed to certain medications in utero, may need additional protection.
Discuss any concerns with your midwife or doctor to determine the best option for your baby.
The decision to administer the vitamin K shot is personal and should be made after careful consideration of the risks and benefits. Delayed cord clamping, oral vitamin K, and the injection are all options to explore with your healthcare provider. As your doula, I am here to support you in feeling informed and confident in your choices, but medical guidance is crucial in making the best decision for your newborn.
The above information provides an overview of the vitamin K injection and alternatives, intended to prompt further discussion with a healthcare professional.
